James R. Rice

Mallinckrodt Professor of Engineering Sciences and Geophysics, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), Harvard University

rice@esag.harvard. edu

Theoretical Mechanics in Geophysics, Geotechnology and Materials Physics -- earthquake source processes, fault and crack dynamics, lithospheric stressing and seismicity, hydrologic and surficial processes, pore fluid interaction with earth materials, landslides, episodic glacial motions

J. R. Rice addresses problems in theoretical mechanics -- stressing, deformation, fracture and flow -- as they arise in seismology, tectonophysics and surficial geologic processes, particularly topics related to the science of earthquakes, and in civil-environmental engineering geomechanics and materials physics. The earthquake studies focus on the nucleation of rupture, thermo- and hydro-mechanical weakening of fault zones during seismic slip, fracture propagation through branched and offset fault systems, and relations among stressing, seismicity and deformation in or near continental and subduction fault systems, including the physics of aseismic deformation transients. In studies of hydrologic processes, poroelastic effects and other pore fluid interactions in the deformation and failure of earth materials are addressed, with applications in seismology and environmental geomechanics, the latter including landslide processes and glacial flows with rapid episodic ice motions. Work in previous years has also addressed the theory of crack propagation in elastic-plastic metals, path-independent integrals in elasticity, the structure of inelastic constitutive relations, microscopic mechanisms of cleavage and ductile or creep rupture, the thermodynamics of interfacial embrittlement, wave effects in tensile crack dynamics, sliding friction and its instabilities, deformation localization into shear zones, and landslides in overconsolidated soil slopes.  Contributions have also been made to techniques of computational mechanics, including finite-element and spectral elastodynamic methods.

Please click for full list of Publications (all recent items and many earlier ones can be downloaded as pdf files; some documents developed for teaching, at end of list, can also be downloaded), or full list of Courses Offered (recent ones listed next), or Curriculum Vitae, or schedule for Solid Earth Physics Seminars.

Recently offered lecture courses (approximately, last five years):

Applied Mathematics 105b, Ordinary and partial differential equations.

Earth and Planetary Sciences 263, Earthquake source processes.

Engineering Sciences 162, Hydrology and environmental geomechanics.

Engineering Sciences 240, Solid mechanics.

Engineering Sciences 241, Advanced elasticity.

Engineering Sciences 262, Advanced hydrology and environmental geomechanics.

[The previously offered course pair Earth and Planetary Sciences 108, Environmental geomechanics, and Engineering Sciences 265, Advanced environmental geomechanics, has been replaced starting fall term 2007 by the pair Engineering Sciences 162 and 262 listed above.]

Course descriptions at Courses of Instruction, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University

Graduate reading and research courses regularly offered:

Applied Mathematics 331,332: Theoretical Mechanics in the Earth and Engineering Sciences

Applied Physics 347,348: Mechanics in Earth and Environmental Science

Earth and Planetary Sciences 363: Seismology and Tectonophysics: Geomechanics, Earthquake Source Physics

Engineering Sciences 337, 338: Mechanics of Solids and Fluids: Earthquake Seismology and Environmental Geomechanics

Recent research in the Rice group (please go to publications and download recent items, and click on links to members of group below):

• Stress accumulation and release in subduction earthquake sequences, postseismic and aseismic deformation transients, seismic signals of stress accumulation, heterogeneity of thrust interface coupling, seismic activation of splay ruptures, and relation of source processes to tsunami waveform. (coworkers: DeDontney, Dmowska, Liu, Templeton)

• Rupture dynamics of earthquake faults, as related to field and lab-based material properties, fault zone structure, pore-fluid effects, thermal weakening from frictional heating, geometric disorder of fault networks with branches and offsets, and elastic-plastic response of off-fault damage zones. (coworkers: Bhat, Dmowska, Dunham, Klinger, Noda, Templeton, Tsai, Viesca)

• Ice sheet and glacier dynamics, physical origin of surges and glacier earthquakes. (coworker: Tsai)

• Landslides, including subaerial and submarine, and mechanical interactions with pore fluids in initiation and landslide to debris-flow transition (coworker: Viesca)

[Research currently supported by the NSF Division of Earth Sciences, the USGS National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program, and by NSF and USGS through the Southern California Earthquake Center.]

Current members of group:

Harsha S. Bhat, [From 1 November 2007: Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Earth Sciences, Univ. Southern Calif.] Postdoctoral Fellow in SEAS (starting June 2007; Ph.D. in Engineering Sciences, Harvard, June 2007.). Previously, Graduate Student in Engineering Sciences, SEAS (started September 2001, Sc.B. in civil engineering, India). 327 Pierce Hall, bhat@esag.harvard.edu. Numerical simulation of rupture dynamics by boundary integral equation and finite element methodology; earthquake rupture through branched and offset fault systems; off-fault stressing and ground motion for supershear ruptures.

Nora L. DeDontney, Graduate Student in Earth and Planetary Sciences (starting September 2006, Sc.B. in geology and mechanical engineering, Caltech), 200C Geological Museum, ndedontn@fas.harvard.edu, ndedontn@esag.harvard.edu. Subduction zone earthquake processes; modeling of earthquake sequences considering rate and state friction and pore fluid pressure coupling with strength and slip; relation to aseismic deformations; seismic splay fault activation and relation to tsunami waveform.

Renata Dmowska, Research Associate in Geophysics, SEAS, and Lecturer (for course on Earthquake Source Processes) in Earth and Planetary Sciences. 227 Pierce Hall, dmowska@seismology.harvard.edu. Stress accumulation and release in subduction zone earthquakes; seismicity patterns for intermediate term earthquake prediction; rupture through geometrically complex fault systems with offsets and bends.

Eric M. Dunham, Research Associate in Geophysics in Earth and Planetary Sciences (since July 2007). Previously, Richard A. Daly Postdoctoral Fellow in Earth and Planetary Sciences (starting July 2005; Ph.D. in Physics, Univ. Calif. Santa Barbara). 288 Pierce Hall, edunham@fas.harvard.edu. Dynamics of earthquake rupture propagation; transition from sub-Rayleigh to intersonic rupture; thermal and hydro-mechanical weakening during seismic slip; effects of across-fault dissimilarity in elastic and paormechanical properties; numerical elastodynamic methodology.

Yann Klinger, Visiting Scholar in Earth and Planetary Sciences, sabbatical visitor from September 2007 to August 2008 (CNRS Permanent Researcher, Laboratoire Tectonique, Institut de Physique du Globe, Paris). 285 Pierce Hall, . Active faulting and earthquake geology; earthquake distribution in time and space; how earthquakes trigger one another; development and application of tools of neotectonics, paleoseismology, remote-sensing and post-earthquake surveying.

Yajing Liu, [From 15 August 2007: Harry Hess Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Geosciences, Princeton]. Previously, Postdoctoral Fellow in Earth and Planetary Sciences (June 2007 to August 2007; Ph.D. in Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard, June 2007). Previously, Graduate Student in Earth and Planetary Sciences (started September 2001, Sc.B. in geophysics, Beijing Univ.). liu@esag.harvard.edu, yjliu@princeton.edu. Subduction zone earthquake processes; numerical modeling of earthquake sequences considering rate and state friction and pore fluid pressure coupling with strength and slip; physical basis for aseismic deformation transients in subduction zones.

Hiroyuki Noda, Visiting Scholar and Special Graduate Student in Earth and Planetary Sciences (intermittently starting September 2005; visiting from the Department of Geophysics, and previously from the Department of Geology and Mineralogy of the Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan). 327 Pierce Hall, nodahiroyuki@kugi.kyoto-u.ac.jp, hnoda@esag.harvard.edu. Laboratory and field characterizations of fault zone materials; physical basis of seismic fault weakening by flash heating; numerical rupture dynamics considering thermal and hydro-mechanical weakening in fault zones.

Stephanie Raoul, Visiting Student Intern, from Ecole et Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre (EOST), Strasbourg, France, June to September 2007. phanira@hotmail.com. Numerical modeling of seismic rupture branching onto splay faults in great subduction earthquakes.

Elizabeth L. Templeton, Graduate Student in Engineering Sciences, SEAS (starting September 2003, Sc.B. in mechanical engineering and mathematics, Tulane Univ.), 327 Pierce Hall, templeton@esag.harvard.edu, templet@fas.harvard.edu. Dynamic finite-element modeling of shear rupture propagation in branched fault systems; development of off-fault damage zones; elastic-Coulomb plastic models for off-fault response.

Victor C. Tsai, Graduate Student in Earth and Planetary Sciences (starting September 2004, Sc.B. in geophysics, Caltech), G8 Hoffman Laboratory, vtsai@fas.harvard.edu. General aspects of solid earth geophysics and earthquake seismology; thermal weakening and strain localization processes in seismic shear; dynamics of ice-sheet surges and ice-quakes.

Robert C. Viesca, Graduate Student in Engineering Sciences, SEAS (starting September 2005, Sc.B. in civil and environmental engineering, Tufts Univ.). 327 Pierce Hall, viesca@esag.harvard.edu. General geomechanics; landslides and the landslide to debris-flow transition; pore fluid interactions with earth materials; soil plasticity and failure; off-fault damage and plasticity effects in fault rupture dynamics.

Virginia Casas, Administrative Assistant for Group, SEAS, 206-B Pierce Hall, 617-496-1456, vcasas@deas.harvard.edu.

Recent group members (since approximately 1998), now elsewhere (affiliations and addresses may not be up to date!):

Aurelie Baudet, Departement de Mecanique, Institut des Sciences et Techniques de l'Ingenieur de Lyon, France; abaudet@esag.harvard.edu, abaudet@deas.harvard.edu. Formerly, Visiting Student Intern, spring- summer 2004. Numerical elastodynamic finite-element modeling of impact stressing and rupture propagation in lab specimens (of A. Rosakis, Caltech).

Alain Cochard, Teacher, Ecole et Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre (EOST), Strasbourg, France, since 2006, and previously Senior Research Associate, Institut fur Geophysik, Ludwig-Maximilians- Universitat, Theresienstrasse 41, 80333 Munchen, Germany; al2@noos.fr, cochard@esag.harvard.edu. Formerly, Research Associate in Geophysics, SEAS, departed 1999. Dynamics of earthquake rupture, factors controlling earthquake populations on faults; slip rupture along dissimilar material interfaces.

Michael Falk, Assistant Professor, Departments of Materials Science and Engineering, and Applied Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; falk@esag.harvard.edu. Formerly, Postdoctoral Fellow in Solid Mechanics and Materials Physics, SEAS (also affiliated with group of Professor Daniel Fisher in SEAS and Physics). Dynamic fracture theory and related computational mechanics; fracture in amorphous materials; crack front waves and side-branching instabilities of fracture paths.

Karen Felzer, Mendehhall Postdoctoral Fellow, U. S. Geological Survey, Pasadena, CA office (previously postdoc, Earth and Space Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles); kfelzer@moho.ess.ucla.edu, felzer@esag.harvard.edu. Formerly, Graduate Student in Earth and Planetary Sciences (also affiliated with group of Professor Goran Ekstrom in EPS); Ph.D. completed May 2003. Seismicity and earthquake stressing; unified statistical modeling of aftershocks, foreshocks and triggered seismicity.

Sonia Fliss, Member of Corps des Telecoms, Paris, and Laboratoire de Mecanique, Ecole Polytechnique, Paliseau, fliss@esag.harvard.edu, sonia.fliss@polytechnique.org. Formerly Visiting Student Intern, spring-summer 2003. Numerical elastodynamic modeling of earthquake rupture through branched and offset fault systems; mechanism of backward branching.

Yunlong He, Professor of Hydraulic Structures, Department of Hydroelectric Engineering, Wuhan University, P.R. China, ylhe@s1000e.wuhee.edu.cn, ylhe2002@yahoo.com.cn, ylhe@esag.harvard.edu. Formerly, Visiting Scientist, SEAS, 2004. Hydraulic structures, dam engineering, structural dynamics; reservoir induced seismicity.

Laurent Jacques, Member of Corps des Mines, Paris, and Laboratoire de Mecanique, Ecole Polytechnique, Paliseau; laurent.jacques@polytechnique.org. Formerly, Visiting Student Intern, spring-summer 2002. Shear heating, pore fluid pressurization, and partial melting of earthquake fault gouge during rapid shear.

Nobuki Kame, Research Associate, Seismology Group, Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan; kame@geo.kyushu-u.ac.jp. Formerly, Visiting Scientist in Geophysics, SEAS, on Japan Society for Promotion of Science Fellowship. Slip-rupture propagation with dynamically self-chosen faulting path; elastodynamic boundary integral equation methodology; fault interaction with potential bend paths.

Jeff Kysar, Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Enigineering, Columbia University, New York; jk2079@columbia.edu. Formerly, Graduate Student in Engineering Sciences, SEAS; Ph.D. completed September 1998. Fracture along metal-ceramic interfaces; optical interferometric techniques for measuring crack opening and plastic blunting.

Nadia Lapusta, Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering and Geophysics, California Institute of Technology, lapusta@caltech.edu. Formerly, Postdoctoral Fellow in Solid Mechanics, SEAS, and Graduate Student in Engineer ing Sciences, SEAS; Ph.D. completed May 2001. Dynamics of frictional instabilities; earthquake rupture nucleation and propagation; dynamic models of earthquake sequences; new methodology for computational elastodynamics.

Hoe I. Ling, Visiting Associate Professor of Geomechanics, SEAS (January to June 2006, on sabbatical leave for spring term 2006 from Department of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Columbia University, New York, NY). hling@deas.harvard.edu, hil9@columbia.edu. General geomechanics and geotechnical engineering; critical state constitutive modeling of soil plasticity; centrifuge study of soil deformation; physical and numerical modeling of soil liquefaction; seismic response of slopes and embankments; geosynthetic soil reinforcement.

John Morrissey, Computational Mathematician at Numerical Algorithms Group (NAG), Downers Grove, IL; johnm@nag.com. Formerly, Graduate Student in Engineering Sciences, SEAS; Ph.D. completed August 1998. Statistical elastodynamics of fracture propagation through heterogeneous solids; crack front waves; supercomputer techniques in crack dynamics.

Marion Olives, Option Sol et Sous-Sol, Ecole des Mines de Paris, and Laboratoire de Mecanique, Ecole Polytechnique, Paliseau; molives@esag.harvard.edu, marion_olives@yahoo.fr. Formerly Visiting Student Intern, spring- summer 2004. Numerical elastodynamic modeling of earthquake rupture through branched fault systems; effects of finite branch length.

Rob Parsons, Mechanical Engineer, Axiam, Inc., Gloucester, MA; rparsons@post.harvard.edu. Formerly, Undergraduate Research Assistant, SEAS, summer 2001; BA in Applied Mathematics completed June 2003. Stressing by rapidly propagating earthquake ruptures of damaged zones adjoining faults; potential fault branching paths.

Alexei Poliakov, Royal Bank of Canada, Global Equity Derivatives, Thames Court, One Queenhithe, London EC4V 4DE, UK (previously Laboratoire de Geophysique et Tectonique, CNRS, Universite Montpellier II, France); alexei.poliakov@rbccm.com. Formerly, Visiting Scientist in Geophysics, SEAS, departed 2001. Stressing by rapidly propagating earthquake ruptures of damaged zones adjoining faults; potential fault branching paths.

Kunnath Ranjith, Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, Amrita University, Ettimadai P.O, Coimbatore 64110, India. ranjith.kunnath@gmail.com; permanent e-mail ranjith@post.harvard.edu. Formerly, Graduate Student in Engineering Sciences, SEAS; Ph.D. completed May 2001. Dynamic slip instabilities along dissimilar material interfaces; rate and state frictional instabilities.

Alan Rempel, Assistant Professor, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403; rempel@uoregon.edu. Formerly, Lecturer in Applied Mathematics, SEAS, up to January 2005. Mechanics and physics of ice, implications for paleoclimate, freezing of soils; pore fluid interactions with deformation and failure of granular materials in seismic and surficial processes, frictional heating and onset of melting in fault gouge.

Mark A. J. Taylor, Morgan Stanley Dean Witter, London; taylor@post.harvard.edu. Formerly, Research Associate at the Department of Earth Science, Cambridge University, UK, and Graduate Student in Applied Physics, SEAS; Ph.D. completed August 1998. Stress accumulation and release in subduction zone earthquake cycles; upper plate/back-arc, slab and outer rise seismicity in relation to coupling along the thrust interface.

Koji Uenishi, Assistant Professor, Research Center for Urban Safety and Security, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokko-dai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan; uenishi@kobe-u.ac.jp, uenishi@esag.harvard.edu. Formerly, Visiting Scientist in Geophysics, SEAS, on Japan Society for Promotion of Science Fellowship. Nucleation of rupture on slip-weakening faults; dynamics of slip rupture along bimaterial interfaces; elastodynamic finite- difference methodology.

Jian-Sheng Wang. Senior Materials Design Engineer, QuesTek Innovations, LLC, 1820 Ridge Ave. Evanston, IL 60208; jwang@questek.com. Formerly, Research Associate in Materials Science, SEAS, departed 1998. Experimental studies of cracking and hydrogen or solute-based embrittlement in normally ductile metals; fracture along metal-ceramic interfaces.

Selected AGU Abstracts (this list is mostly focused on items not yet developed as full publications; see the publications list for those that are):

(For full abstract text, search http://www.agu.org/meetings/fm06/ for 2006 AGU abstracts; substitute fm05, fm04, etc. for 2005, 2004, etc. abstracts)

Lapusta, N., and J. R. Rice (2003), Low-heat and low-stress fault operation in earthquake models of statically strong but dynamically weak faults, EOS Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union, vol. 84, no. 46, Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract S51B-02.

Rice, J. R., J. W. Rudnicki, and V. C. Tsai (2005), "Shear localization in fluid-saturated fault gouge by instability of spatially uniform, adiabatic, undrained shear", Eos Trans. AGU, 86(52), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract T13E-05.

Templeton, E. L., A. Baudet, H. S. Bhat, R. Dmowska, J. R. Rice, A. J. Rosakis, and C. E. Rousseau (2005), "Finite element simulations of dynamic shear rupture experiments and path selection along branched faults", Eos Trans. AGU, 86(52), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract S43A-1066.

DeDontney, N., Y. Liu, and J. R. Rice (2006), Frictional stability conditions and aseismic deformation transients based on two-state- variable friction laws, Eos Trans. AGU, 87(52), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract T41A-1539

Dunham, E. M., and J. R. Rice (2006), Poroelastic bimaterial effects in rupture dynamics, Eos Trans. AGU, 87(52), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract S42A-03

King, G. C., A. Mignan, D. D. Bowman, R. Dmowska and R. Lacassin (2006), Earthquake risk following the 17 July Java earthquake, Eos Trans. AGU, 87(52), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract S21A-0133

Noda, H., E. M. Dunham, and J. R. Rice (2006), Self-healing vs. crack-like rupture propagation in presence of thermal weakening processes based on realistic physical properties, Eos Trans. AGU, 87(52), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract S42A-06

Templeton, E. L., and J. R. Rice (2006), Extent and distribution of off-fault plasticity during seismic rupture including bimaterial effects, Eos Trans. AGU, 87(52), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract S34A-01

Tsai, V. C., and J. R. Rice (2006), Possible mechanisms for glacial earthquakes, Eos Trans. AGU, 87(52), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract C41A-0290

Viesca, R. C., E. L. Templeton, H. S. Bhat and J. R. Rice (2006), Pore fluid pressurization effects on earthquake rupture propagation with inelastic off- fault response, Eos Trans. AGU, 87(52), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract S42A-04

Most Recent Revision: 23 September 2007.